1894 Ontario general election

1894 Ontario general election
← outgoing members
94 seats in the 8th Legislative Assembly of Ontario ; 48 seats were needed for a majority
Premier before election; Oliver Mowat; Liberal	Premier after election ; Oliver Mowat; Liberal

The 1894 Ontario general election was the eighth general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on June 26, 1894, to elect the 94 Members of the 8th Legislative Assembly of Ontario ("MLAs").^[1]

The main issues were the Liberals' "Ontario System", as well as French language schools, farmer interests, support for Toronto business, woman suffrage, the temperance movement, and the demands of labour unions.^[2]

The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Oliver Mowat, formed the government for the seventh consecutive parliament, even though some of its members were elected under joint banners: either with the Patrons of Industry or the Protestant Protective Association.

The Ontario Conservative Party, led by William Ralph Meredith, formed the official opposition.

The Patrons of Industry, a farmers' organization formed in 1890, cooperated with the urban labour movement to address the political frustrations of both groups with big business. Sixteen members of the Legislative Assembly were elected with Patrons of Industry support—12 Liberals, one Conservative, and three who ran only under the "Patrons of Industry" banner.

The Protestant Protective Association (PPA) was an anti-Catholic group, associated with the Orange Order. It campaigned against the rights of Catholics and French-Canadians, and argued that Roman Catholics were attempting to take over Ontario. Nine candidates were elected with PPA support, 6 Conservatives, 1 Liberal and 2 who ran only under the PPA banner. The PPA worked most closely with the Conservative opposition.

Unlike the previous two elections, this election strictly used First past the post to elect the members. The Toronto district was divided into separate single member districts, as part of the expansion of the Assembly.

Expansion of the Legislative Assembly

An Act passed just prior to the election^[3] increased the size of the Assembly from 91 to 94 seats:

Toronto, a riding that returned three MLAs, was divided into Toronto East, Toronto North, Toronto South and Toronto West.
Hamilton, a single-member constituency, was divided into Hamilton East and Hamilton West.
Ottawa became a two-member riding.

Results

Elections to the 8th Parliament of Ontario (1894)^[1]
Political party		Party leader	MPPs					Votes
Political party		Party leader	Candidates	1890	Dissol.	1894	±	#	%	± (pp)
	Liberal	Oliver Mowat	80	53		45	8	153,826	40.99%	8.64
	Conservative	William Ralph Meredith	56	34		23	11	104,369	27.81%	12.07
	Liberal-Patrons		26	–	–	12	12	44,029	11.73%	New
	Conservative–P.P.A.		13	–	–	5	5	24,616	6.56%	New
	Patrons of Industry	Joseph Longford Haycock	7	–	–	3	3	10,465	2.79%	New
	Conservative-Patrons		7	–	–	2	2	11,608	3.09%	New
	Liberal-P.P.A.		2	–	–	2	2	3,649	0.97%	New
	Protestant Protective Association		8	–	–	1	1	11,015	2.94%	New
	Independent-Conservative-PPA		1	–	–	1	1	2,326	0.62%	New
	Independent		9	–	–	–		9,374	2.50%	New
	Liberal-Equal Rights			2	–	–	2	Did not campaign
	Conservative-Equal Rights			2	–	–	2	Did not campaign
	Vacant
Total			209	91	91	94		375,277	100.00%
Blank and invalid ballots								3,886
Registered voters / turnout								539,358	70.30%	0.70

Seats and popular vote by party of major influence
	Seats	Votes	Change (pp)
Liberal^{[a 1]}	45 / 94	40.99%	-8.64
Conservative^{[a 1]}	23 / 94	27.81%	-12.07
Patrons of Industry	17 / 94	17.61%	17.61	17.61
Protestant Protective Association^{[a 2]}	9 / 94	11.09%	11.09	11.09
Equal Rights	0 / 94	0.00%	-10.00
Other	0 / 94	3.12%	2.01	2.01

^ ^a ^b Straight party support only. Other MLAs sponsored by Patrons of Industry, PPA or Equal Rights Party are allocated to the latter, to show extent of influence.
^ Associated with the Orange Order.

Before the Legislature's first session opened, four by-elections were called. William Ralph Meredith (London) resigned to accept appointment as a judge, while the elections of James M. Savage (Algoma West), John Senn (Haldimand) and Edward H. Smythe (Kingston) were overturned on appeal. The Liberals won all four Conservative seats, thus securing a majority in the Assembly. That, together with the inability of the Patrons of Industry and the Conservatives to combine on any issue, ensured the Liberals' hold on power.^[4]

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1890 Ontario general election^[1]
Riding^{[a 1]}	Winning party								Turnout	Votes
Name^{[a 2]}	1890		Party		Votes	Share	Margin #	Margin %		Lib	Con	POI	PPA	Ind	Total
Name^{[a 2]}	1890		Party		Votes	Share	Margin #	Margin %							Total

Addington		Con		Con	1,849	52.89%	202	5.78%	75.79%	1,647	1,849	–	–	–	3,496
Algoma East		Con		Lib	1,982	50.85%	66	1.69%	50.48%	1,982	1,916	–	–	–	3,898
Algoma West		Lib		Con	1,137	50.13%	6	0.26%	52.42%	1,131	1,137	–	–	–	2,268
Brant North		Lib		Lib	1,192	61.44%	444	22.89%	77.41%	1,192	–	748	–	–	1,940
Brant South		Lib		Lib	2,597	56.74%	617	13.48%	79.56%	2,597	–	–	1,980	–	4,577
Brockville		Lib		Lib	2,045	53.49%	267	6.98%	71.43%	2,045	1,778	–	–	–	3,823
Bruce Centre		Lib		L-PI	1,932	57.97%	531	15.93%	69.91%	1,401	–	1,932	–	–	3,333
Bruce North		Con		L-PP	1,369	39.35%	246	7.07%	63.61%	1,123	987	–	1,369^{[a 3]}	–	3,479
Bruce South		Lib		Lib	1,913	52.05%	151	4.11%	68.91%	1,913	–	1,762	–	–	3,675
Cardwell		Con		C-PI	1,888	54.93%	345	10.04%	65.18%	6	–	3,431^{[a 4]}	–	–	3,437
Carleton		Con		C-PI	1,986	63.61%	850	27.23%	68.07%	–	1,136	1,986	–	–	3,122
Dufferin		C-ER		PI	2,465	57.05%	609	14.09%	71.28%	–	1,856	2,465	–	–	4,321
Dundas		Con		Con	2,010	52.44%	187	4.88%	77.22%	–	2,010	1,823	–	–	3,833
Durham East		C-ER		Con	1,746	56.49%	401	12.97%	66.84%	–	1,746	–	1,345	–	3,091
Durham West		Lib		C-PP	1,646	50.94%	61	1.89%	84.42%	1,585	–	–	1,646	–	3,231
Elgin East		Con		Con	1,700	43.72%	366	9.41%	74.35%	1,334	1,700	854	–	–	3,888
Elgin West		Con		L-PI	2,851	51.55%	171	3.09%	80.82%	–	2,680	2,851	–	–	5,531
Essex North		Con		Lib	1,843	42.46%	246	5.67%	54.60%	1,843	901	1,597	–	–	4,341
Essex South		Lib		Lib	2,521	52.82%	789	16.53%	79.15%	2,521	–	520	1,732	–	4,773
Frontenac		Con		L-PI	1,517	52.26%	131	4.51%	61.94%	–	1,386	1,517	–	–	2,903
Glengarry		Lib		L-PI	2,030	55.22%	384	10.45%	70.96%	–	–	2,030	–	1,646	3,676
Grenville		Con		Con	1,826	47.88%	492	12.90%	64.99%	1,334	1,826	–	654	–	3,814
Grey Centre		Con		PPA	1,735	42.67%	542	13.33%	67.33%	1,138	–	–	2,928^{[a 5]}	–	4,066
Grey North		Lib		Lib	1,646	38.09%	213	4.93%	66.04%	1,646	1,242	–	1,433	–	4,321
Grey South		Con		PI	2,401	59.83%	789	19.66%	69.29%	1,612	–	2,401	–	–	4,013
Haldimand		Lib		Con	1,693	50.22%	15	0.44%	76.00%	1,678	1,693	–	–	–	3,371
Halton		Con		Con	2,269	51.25%	111	2.51%	77.10%	2,158	2,269	–	–	–	4,427
Hamilton East	New			Lib	2,348	51.09%	100	2.18%	78.01%	2,348	–	–	2,248	–	4,596
Hamilton West	New			Lib	2,468	55.10%	457	10.20%	78.80%	2,468	–	–	2,011	–	4,479
Hastings East		Con		L-PI	1,574	52.70%	161	5.39%	63.32%	1,413	–	1,574	–	–	2,987
Hastings North		Con		PI	1,782	50.71%	50	1.42%	61.37%	–	1,732	1,782	–	–	3,514
Hastings West		Lib		Lib	1,473	51.41%	81	2.83%	56.05%	1,473	–	–	–	1,392	2,865
Huron East		Lib		Lib	2,129	55.95%	453	11.91%	74.44%	2,129	–	1,676	–	–	3,805
Huron South		Lib		Lib	2,335	50.24%	22	0.47%	79.03%	2,335	2,313	–	–	–	4,648
Huron West		Lib		Lib	2,263	50.85%	76	1.71%	73.39%	2,263	–	2,187	–	–	4,450
Kent East		Lib		Lib	2,365	55.03%	432	10.05%	61.62%	2,365	–	1,933	–	–	4,298
Kent West		Con		L-PI	3,106	54.52%	515	9.04%	71.59%	–	2,591	3,106	–	–	5,697
Kingston		Con		Con	1,710	50.01%	1	0.03%	80.89%	1,709	1,710	–	–	–	3,419
Lambton East		Lib		IC-PP	2,326	52.06%	184	4.12%	78.15%	2,142	–	–	2,326^{[a 6]}	–	4,468
Lambton West		Lib		C-PP	3,044	50.73%	88	1.47%	63.63%	2,956	–	–	3,044	–	6,000
Lanark North		L-ER		Con	1,499	50.44%	26	0.87%	75.08%	1,473	1,499	–	–	–	2,972
Lanark South		Con		Con	1,830	53.03%	623	18.05%	69.08%	1,207	1,830	–	414	–	3,451
Leeds		Con		Con	1,999	55.14%	373	10.29%	65.02%	–	1,999	1,626	–	–	3,625
Lennox		Con		Con	1,089	39.09%	112	4.02%	67.24%	977	1,089	720	–	–	2,786
Lincoln		Con		Con	2,548	51.23%	122	2.45%	76.62%	–	2,548	–	–	2,426	4,974
London		Con		Con	3,273	51.07%	137	2.14%	86.29%	3,136	3,273	–	–	–	6,409
Middlesex East		Con		L-PP	2,280	54.79%	399	9.59%	69.27%	1,881	–	–	2,280	–	4,161
Middlesex North		Lib		L-PI	2,015	51.64%	128	3.28%	75.79%	–	–	2,015	1,887	–	3,902
Middlesex West		Lib		Lib	1,970	51.46%	112	2.93%	79.59%	1,970	1,858	–	–	–	3,828
Monck		Lib		Lib	1,519	51.13%	67	2.26%	72.61%	1,519	–	–	1,452	–	2,971
Muskoka		Con		C-PP	1,803	52.44%	168	4.89%	75.02%	1,635	–	–	1,803	–	3,438
Nipissing		Lib		Lib	1,345	65.83%	647	31.67%	56.12%	1,345	–	–	–	698	2,043
Norfolk North		Lib		Lib	1,690	54.64%	287	9.28%	76.63%	1,690	–	–	1,403	–	3,093
Norfolk South		Lib		Lib	1,424	50.37%	21	0.74%	73.06%	1,424	–	1,403	–	–	2,827
Northumberland East		Con		Con	1,701	38.76%	179	4.08%	74.35%	1,522	2,867^{[a 7]}	–	–	–	4,389
Northumberland West		Lib		Lib	1,402	52.27%	146	5.44%	73.18%	1,402	1,256	–	–	24	2,682
Ontario North		Con		Lib	2,114	50.90%	75	1.81%	79.45%	2,114	2,039	–	–	–	4,153
Ontario South		Lib		Lib	2,884	52.94%	320	5.87%	82.45%	2,884	2,564	–	–	–	5,448
Oxford North		Lib		Lib	2,197	58.40%	632	16.80%	64.35%	2,197	–	–	1,565	–	3,762
Oxford South		Lib		Lib	2,454	54.21%	381	8.42%	71.16%	2,454	–	2,073	–	–	4,527
Parry Sound		Lib		L-PI	1,968	56.94%	480	13.89%	42.89%	1,488	–	1,968	–	–	3,456
Peel		Lib		Lib	2,273	54.78%	397	9.57%	75.59%	2,273	–	–	1,876	–	4,149
Perth North		Lib		Con	2,957	50.93%	108	1.86%	81.23%	2,849	2,957	–	–	–	5,806
Perth South		Lib		L-PI	2,232	50.26%	23	0.52%	75.32%	2,209	–	2,232	–	–	4,441
Peterborough East		Lib		Lib	1,621	58.37%	465	16.74%	62.43%	1,621	1,156	–	–	–	2,777
Peterborough West		Lib		Lib	2,280	60.00%	760	20.00%	75.10%	2,280	1,520	–	–	–	3,800
Prescott		Lib		Lib	2,038	71.06%	1,208	42.12%	58.42%	2,038	–	830	–	–	2,868
Prince Edward		Lib		L-PI	2,149	53.35%	667	16.56%	71.00%	–	1,482	2,149	–	397	4,028
Renfrew North		Con		Lib	1,978	54.40%	320	8.80%	75.46%	1,978	1,658	–	–	–	3,636
Renfrew South		Lib		Lib	1,802	53.41%	231	6.85%	69.55%	3,373^{[a 8]}	1	–	–	–	3,374
Russell		Lib		Lib	1,976	62.47%	789	24.94%	48.17%	1,976	1,187	–	–	–	3,163
Simcoe Centre		Lib		Lib	1,170	36.76%	79	2.48%	67.88%	1,170	922	–	1,091	–	3,183
Simcoe East		Con		Con	2,021	43.21%	124	2.65%	67.07%	1,897	2,021	759	–	–	4,677
Simcoe West		Con		L-PI	1,509	51.48%	87	2.97%	58.38%	–	–	2,931^{[a 9]}	–	–	2,931
Stormont		Lib		L-PI	1,809	47.02%	404	10.50%	62.89%	1,405	633	1,809	–	–	3,847
Toronto East	New			C-PP	3,401	66.12%	1,658	32.23%	62.00%	–	–	1,743	3,401^{[a 10]}	–	5,144
Toronto North	New			Con	4,007	55.58%	805	11.17%	71.21%	3,202	4,007	–	–	–	7,209
Toronto South	New			Con	6,073	60.31%	2,077	20.63%	71.35%	3,996	6,073	–	–	–	10,069
Toronto West	New			Con	4,366	60.53%	1,519	21.06%	68.31%	2,847	4,366	–	–	–	7,213
Victoria East		Con		Con	1,688	54.40%	273	8.80%	60.24%	–	1,688	1,415	–	–	3,103
Victoria West		L-ER		Lib	1,785	48.64%	470	12.81%	70.62%	1,785	1,315	570	–	–	3,670
Waterloo North		Lib		Lib	2,042	51.11%	918	22.98%	64.48%	2,042	–	1,124	–	829	3,995
Waterloo South		Lib		Lib	2,212	55.63%	448	11.27%	65.85%	3,976^{[a 11]}	–	–	–	–	3,976
Welland		Con		Lib	2,579	50.90%	91	1.80%	78.16%	2,579	2,488	–	–	–	5,067
Wellington East		Lib		Lib	1,308	36.90%	55	1.55%	71.66%	1,308	984	1,253	–	–	3,545
Wellington South		Lib		Lib	1,993	60.39%	686	20.79%	59.46%	1,993	–	1,307	–	–	3,300
Wellington West		Lib		C-PP	1,718	54.49%	283	8.98%	65.91%	1,435	–	–	1,718	–	3,153
Wentworth North		Lib		Lib	1,449	51.31%	74	2.62%	78.75%	1,449	1,375	–	–	–	2,824
Wentworth South		Lib		Lib	1,551	55.37%	301	10.75%	83.84%	1,551	1,250	–	–	–	2,801
York East		Lib		Lib	1,959	56.23%	434	12.46%	67.24%	1,959	1,525	–	–	–	3,484
York North		Lib		Lib	2,035	54.28%	321	8.56%	61.07%	2,035	1,714	–	–	–	3,749
York West		Lib		Con	2,151	50.62%	53	1.25%	72.41%	2,098	2,151	–	–	–	4,249

^ excluding Ottawa, a multi-member constituency
^ order is as given in EO reports
^ the Patrons of Industry incumbent Daniel McNaughton, who was elected in an 1893 byelection
^ two Conservative candidates
^ 1 PPA, plus the Conservative incumbent Joseph Rorke.
^ Peter Duncan McCallum, elected as an Independent Conservative in an 1893 byelection
^ the incumbent William Arnson Willoughby was the winning candidate
^ the incumbent John Francis Dowling received 1,571 votes
^ 1 Liberal; 1 Conservative
^ George Ryerson was previously elected as a Conservative in an 1893 byelection.
^ the incumbent John Douglas Moore was the winning candidate

= open seat

= turnout is above provincial average

= winning candidate was in previous Legislature

= incumbent had switched allegiance

= previously incumbent in another riding

= not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature

= incumbency arose from byelection gain

= incumbency arose from prior election result being overturned by the court

= other incumbents renominated

= joint Conservative candidate

= joint Independent Conservative candidate

= joint Liberal candidate

= joint Labour candidate

= previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada

= multiple candidates

Results for Ottawa (2 seats)^[1]
Political party		Candidate	Votes	%	Elected	Incumbent
	Liberal	George O. O'Keefe	3,381	29.99	Y
	Liberal	Erskine Henry Bronson	3,316	29.41	Y	Y
	Conservative	Taylor McVeitty	2,616	23.20
	Independent	A. F. McIntyre	1,923	17.06
	Independent	T. H. Beck	39	0.65
Majority^{[a 1]}			700	6.21
Turnout			6,841	56.11
Registered voters			12,193

^ plurality for third winning candidate

Analysis

Party candidates in 2nd place^[1]^{[a 1]}
Party in 1st place	Party in 2nd place									Total
Party in 1st place	Lib	Con	L-PI	C-PP	POI	C-PI	PPA	Ind	Lab-PI	Total
█ Liberal	2	17	9	5	2	1	5	2		43
█ Conservative	18		2			1	1	1		23
█ Liberal-PI	5	4		1		1		1		12
█ Conservative-PPA	4								1	5
█ Patrons of Industry	1	2								3
█ Conservative-PI		1				1				2
█ Liberal-PP	2									2
█ PPA				1						1
█ Independent Conservative-PPA	1									1
Total	33	24	11	7	2	4	6	4	1	92

^ excluding Ottawa seats

Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party^[1]
Parties	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th
█ Liberal	44	34	2
█ Conservative	23	24	9
█ Liberal-PI	12	11	2
█ Conservative-PPA	5	7	1
█ Patrons of Industry	3	2	2
█ Conservative-PI	2	4	1
█ Liberal-PP	2
█ PPA	1	6	1
█ Independent Conservative-PPA	1
█ Independent		4	3	1	1
█ Labour-PI		1

Resulting composition of the 8th Legislative Assembly of Ontario^[1]
Source		Party									Total

		Lib	Con	POI	L-PI	C-PI	PPA	L-PP	C-PP	IC-PP
Seats retained	Incumbents returned	26	9								35
	Open seats held	8	4								12
	Byelection loss reversed		1								1
	Defeated by same-party candidate	1									1
Seats changing hands	Incumbents defeated	3	4	3	6	1	1		3		21
	Open seats gained	1	1		6	1		1	1		11
	Byelection gains held	1	1								2
	Incumbent changed allegiance	1									1
	Incumbent from 3rd-party byelection gain changed allegiance							1		1	2
New seat	New MLAs	1	2								3
New seat	Previously incumbent in the Legislature	1	1						1		3
Ottawa seats	MLA returned	1									1
Ottawa seats	New MLAs	1									1
Total		45	23	3	12	2	1	2	5	1	94

MLAs elected by region and riding

Party designations are as follows:

Liberal

Conservative

Patrons of Industry and allied candidates

Protestant Protective Association and allied candidates

Northern Ontario

Algoma East: Charles Franklin Farwell
Algoma West: James M. Savage^[a]
Nipissing: John Loughrin

Ottawa Valley

Carleton: George Nelson Kidd C-PI
Lanark North: Richard Franklin Preston
Lanark South: Arthur James Matheson
Ottawa: Erskine Henry Bronson
Ottawa: George O. O'Keefe
Prescott: Alfred Évanturel
Renfrew North: Henry Barr
Renfrew South: Robert Adam Campbell
Russell: Alexander Robillard

Saint Lawrence Valley

Brockville: George Augustus Dana
Dundas: James Pliny Whitney
Glengarry: David Murdoch McPherson L-PI
Grenville: Orlando Bush
Kingston: Edward H. Smythe^[b]
Leeds: Walter Beatty
Stormont: John Bennett L-PI

Central Ontario

Addington: James Reid
Durham East: William Armstrong Fallis
Durham West: William Henry Reid C-PP
Frontenac: Joseph Longford Haycock L-PI
Hastings East: Alexander McLaren L-PI
Hastings North: James Haggerty
Hastings West: William Hodgins Biggar
Lennox: Walter William Meacham
Northumberland East: William Arnson Willoughby
Northumberland West: Corelli Collard Field
Peterborough East: Thomas Blezard
Peterborough West: James Robert Stratton
Prince Edward: John Caven L-PI
Victoria East: John Hilliard Carnegie
Victoria West: John McKay

Georgian Bay

Bruce North: Daniel McNaughton L-PP
Grey North: James Cleland
Muskoka: George Edward Langford C-PP
Parry Sound: William Rabb Beatty L-PI
Simcoe Centre: Robert Paton
Simcoe East: Andrew Miscampbell
Simcoe West: Archibald S. Currie L-PI

Wentworth/Halton/Niagara

Halton: William Kerns
Hamilton East: James Taylor Middleton
Hamilton West: John Morison Gibson
Lincoln: James Hiscott
Monck: Richard Harcourt
Welland: William McCleary
Wentworth North: John Ira Flatt
Wentworth South: Nicholas Awrey

Midwestern Ontario

Brant North: William Bruce Wood
Brant South: Arthur Sturgis Hardy
Bruce Centre: John Stevenson McDonald L-PI
Bruce South: Reuben Eldridge Truax
Dufferin: William Dynes
Grey Centre: Thomas Gamey
Grey South: David McNicol
Haldimand: John Senn^[c]
Huron East: Thomas Gibson
Huron South: Murdo Young McLean
Huron West: James Thompson Garrow
Norfolk North: Edwin Clarendon Carpenter
Norfolk South: William Andrew Charlton
Oxford North: Oliver Mowat
Oxford South: Angus McKay
Perth North: Thomas Magwood
Perth South: John McNeill L-PI
Waterloo North: Alexander Black Robertson
Waterloo South: John Douglas Moore
Wellington East: John Craig
Wellington South: John Mutrie
Wellington West: George Tucker C-PP^[d]

Southwestern Ontario

Elgin East: Charles Andrew Brower
Elgin West: Donald Macnish L-PI
Essex North: William J. McKee
Essex South: William Douglas Balfour
Kent East: Robert Ferguson
Kent West: Thomas Letson Pardo L-PI
Lambton East: Peter Duncan McCallum IC-PP
Lambton West: Alfred Thomas Gurd C-PP
London: William Ralph Meredith
Middlesex East: William Shore L-PP
Middlesex North: William Taylor L-PI
Middlesex West: George William Ross

Peel/York/Ontario

Cardwell: Edward Alfred Little C-PI
Ontario North: Thomas William Chapple
Ontario South: John Dryden
Peel: Kenneth Chisholm
Toronto East: George Ryerson C-PP
Toronto North: George Frederick Marter
Toronto South: Oliver Aiken Howland
Toronto West: Thomas Crawford
York East: John Richardson
York North: Elihu James Davis
York West: Joseph Wesley St. John

Division of ridings

The newly created ridings returned the following MLAs:

1890			1894
Riding	Party	MLAs	Riding	Party	MLAs
Toronto	█ Conservative	2	Toronto East	█ Conservative-PPA	1
	█ Conservative	2	Toronto North	█ Conservative	1
	█ Liberal	1	Toronto South	█ Conservative	1
	█ Liberal	1	Toronto West	█ Conservative	1
Hamilton	█ Liberal	1	Hamilton East	█ Liberal	1
Hamilton	█ Liberal	1	Hamilton West	█ Liberal	1
Ottawa	█ Liberal	1	converted to dual-member riding	█ Liberal	2

Seats that changed hands

Elections to the 8th Parliament of Ontario – unaltered seats won/lost by party, 1890–1894
Party		1890	Gain from (loss to)																						1894
Party		1890	Lib		Con		Lib-P		C-PPA		POI		Con-P		L-PPA		PPA		ICP		L-ER		C-ER		1894
	Liberal	50			6	(4)		(7)		(3)		(1)								(1)	1				41
	Conservative	32	4	(6)				(5)		(1)		(1)		(2)		(2)		(1)			1		1		20
	Liberal-Patrons	–	7		5																				12
	Conservative–P.P.A.	–	3		1																				4
	Patrons of Industry	–	1		1																		1		3
	Conservative-Patrons	–			2																				2
	Liberal-P.P.A.	–			2																				2
	Protestant Protective Association	–			1																				1
	Independent-Conservative-PPA	–	1																						1
	Liberal-Equal Rights	2		(1)		(1)																			–
	Conservative-Equal Rights	2				(1)						(1)													–
Total		86	16	(7)	18	(6)	–	(12)	–	(4)	–	(3)	–	(2)	–	(2)	–	(1)	–	(1)	2	–	2	–	86

Of the constituencies that were not altered, there were 38 seats that changed allegiance in the election:

Liberal to Conservative

Liberal to Liberal/Patrons of Industry

Liberal to Conservative/PPA

Liberal to Patrons of Industry

Grey South

Liberal to Independent-Conservative/PPA

Lambton East

Conservative to Liberal

Conservative to Liberal/Patrons of Industry

Conservative to Conservative/PPA

Muskoka

Conservative to Patrons of Industry

Hastings North

Conservative to Conservative/Patrons of Industry

Conservative to Liberal/PPA

Conservative to PPA

Grey Centre

Liberal/Equal Rights to Liberal

Victoria West

Liberal/Equal Rights to Conservative

Lanark North

Conservative/Equal Rights to Conservative

Durham East

Conservative/Equal Rights to Patrons of Industry

Dufferin

Notes and references

Notes

^ Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. James Conmee (Liberal) won the subsequent byelection.^[5]
^ Election declared void because of corrupt practices. William Harty (Liberal) won the subsequent byelection.^[5]
^ Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. Jacob Baxter (Liberal) was elected in the subsequent byelection.^[5]
^ Election declared void because of corrupt practices.^[5] Appeal was dismissed, and writ for new election issued. James Tucker (Conservative), brother of the ousted candidate, was elected in the subsequent byelection.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "1894 General Election". Elections Ontario. Elections Ontario. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
^ Janet B. Kerr, "Sir Oliver Mowat and the Campaign of 1894," Ontario History, March 1963, Vol. 55 Issue 1, pp 1-13
^ An Act respecting Representation of certain Cities in the Legislative Assembly, S.O. 1894, c. 2
^ Romney, Paul (1994). "Mowat, Sir Oliver". In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XIII (1901–1910) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario. Vol. XXVIII. Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1895. pp. 6–11, 20–22, 65.
^ Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario. Vol. XXIX. Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1896. pp. 5–6.

[sponsor-4] Straight party support only. Other MLAs sponsored by Patrons of Industry, PPA or Equal Rights Party are allocated to the latter, to show extent of influence.

[5] Associated with the Orange Order.

[7] xcluding Ottawa, a multi-member constituency

[8] rder is as given in EO reports

[9] the Patrons of Industry incumbent Daniel McNaughton, who was elected in an 1893 byelection

[10] two Conservative candidates

[11] 1 PPA, plus the Conservative incumbent Joseph Rorke.

[12] Peter Duncan McCallum, elected as an Independent Conservative in an 1893 byelection

[13] the incumbent William Arnson Willoughby was the winning candidate

[14] the incumbent John Francis Dowling received 1,571 votes

[15] 1 Liberal; 1 Conservative

[16] George Ryerson was previously elected as a Conservative in an 1893 byelection.

[17] the incumbent John Douglas Moore was the winning candidate

[18] urality for third winning candidate

[19] xcluding Ottawa seats

[21] Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. James Conmee (Liberal) won the subsequent byelection.^[5]

[22] Election declared void because of corrupt practices. William Harty (Liberal) won the subsequent byelection.^[5]

[23] Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. Jacob Baxter (Liberal) was elected in the subsequent byelection.^[5]

[25] Election declared void because of corrupt practices.^[5] Appeal was dismissed, and writ for new election issued. James Tucker (Conservative), brother of the ousted candidate, was elected in the subsequent byelection.^[6]

[EOData-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "1894 General Election". Elections Ontario. Elections Ontario. Retrieved January 3, 2021.

[2] Janet B. Kerr, "Sir Oliver Mowat and the Campaign of 1894," Ontario History, March 1963, Vol. 55 Issue 1, pp 1-13

[3] An Act respecting Representation of certain Cities in the Legislative Assembly, S.O. 1894, c. 2

[6] Romney, Paul (1994). "Mowat, Sir Oliver". In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XIII (1901–1910) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.

[Journals1895-20] Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario. Vol. XXVIII. Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1895. pp. 6–11, 20–22, 65.

[24] Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario. Vol. XXIX. Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1896. pp. 5–6.

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