List of grand imams of al-Azhar

The post of Grand Imam of al-Azhar, or shaykh of al-Azhar, has been filled by a member of the ulema, the religious scholars, of Egypt. The position of Grand Imam is among the most prominent roles in Islam and is often considered to be the highest authority in Islamic jurisprudence. The Grand Imam of al-Azhar is the most prominent official religious role in Egypt.[1][2] Prior to the establishment of the post under the Ottoman Empire, the holder of that position was named Mushrif then later a Nazir.[3] Between 1860 and 1864 a board of scholars served the role as Grand Imam.[4]

Several of the Grand Imams served multiple terms; each term is listed separately. The original sources give the year based on the Islamic calendar, so the conversion to Gregorian years by later Western sources may not be precise.[4]

List

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Serving 1st term.
Serving 2nd term.
PortraitGrand ImamBeganEndMadhhabNotes
1 Muhammad al-Kharashi
(Arabic: محمد الخرشي)
16791690Malikial-Kharashi (1601–1690) was born in Abu Kharash, Beheira Governorate
2 Ibrahim al-Barmawi
(Arabic: إبراهيم البرماوي)
16901695Shafiial-Barmawi (died 1695) was born in Barma, Gharbia Governorate
3Muhammad al-Nasharti
(Arabic: محمد النشرتي)
16951709Malikial-Nasharti (died 1709) was born in Nashart, Kafr El Sheikh Governorate
4 Abd al-Baqi al-Qalini
(Arabic: عبد الباقي القليني)
17091709Malikial-Qalini was born in Qallin, Kafr El Sheikh Governorate
5Muhammad Shanan
(Arabic: محمد شنن)
17091720MalikiShanan (1656–1720) was born in Al Gadeyah, Beheira Governorate
6 Ibrahim al-Fayyumi
(Arabic: إبراهيم الفيومي)
17201724Malikial-Fayyumi (1652–1724) was born in Faiyum, Faiyum Governorate
7Abdullah al-Shubrawi
(Arabic: عبد الله الشبراوي)
17241758Shafiial-Shubrawi (1681–1758) was born in Cairo, Cairo Governorate
8 Muhammad al-Hiffnawi
(Arabic: محمد بن سالم الحفني)
17581767Shafiial-Hiffnawi (1688–1768) was born in Hiffna, Sharqia Governorate
9Abd al-Rauf al-Sajini
(Arabic: عبد الرؤوف السجيني)
17671769Shafiial-Sajini was born in Sagin Al Kom, Gharbia Governorate
10 Ahmed al-Damanhuri
(Arabic: أحمد الدمنهوري)
17691778Shafiial-Damanhuri was born in Damanhur, Beheira Governorate
11Ahmed al-Arusi
(Arabic: أحمد العروسي)
17781793ShafiiAhmed al-Arusi (1720–1804) was born in Manyal Arous, Monufia Governorate. He was the father of #14 Muhammed al-Arusi, grandfather of #20 Mustafa al-Arusi.
12Abdullah al-Sharqawi
(Arabic: عبد الله الشرقاوي)
17931812Shafiial-Sharqawi (1737–1812) was born in At Tawilah, Sharqia Governorate
13Muhammed al-Shanawani
(Arabic: محمد الشنواني)
18121818Shafiial-Shanawani (died 1818) was born in Shanawan, Monufia Governorate
14Muhammed al-Arusi
(Arabic: محمد العروسي)
18181829ShafiiMuhammed al-Arusi was the son of #11 Ahmed al-Arusi, father of #20 Mustafa al-Arusi.
15 Ahmed al-Damhuji
(Arabic: أحمد الدمهوجي)
18291830Shafiial-Damhuji (1761–1831) was born in Damhuj, Monufia Governorate
16Hasan al-Attar
(Arabic: حسن العطار)
18301834Shafiial-Attar (1766–1835) was born in Cairo, Cairo Governorate. He was of Moroccan origin.
17 Hasan al-Quwaysini
(Arabic: حسن القويسني)
18341838Shafiial-Quwaysini (died 1838) was born in Quesna, Monufia Governorate
18Ahmed al-Sa'im al-Safti
(Arabic: أحمد السفطي)
18381847Shafiial-Safti was born in Saft El Arfa, Beni Suef Governorate
19 Ibrahim al-Bajuri
(Arabic: إبراهيم الباجوري)
18471864Shafiial-Bajuri (1784–1864) was born in El Bagour, Monufia Governorate
20Mustafa al-Arusi
(Arabic: مصطفى العروسي)
18641870ShafiiMustafa al-Arusi (1798–1876) was the son of #14 Muhammed al-Arusi, grandson of #11 Ahmed al-Arusi.
21Muhammad al-Mahdi
(Arabic: محمد المهدي العباسي)
18701881Hanafial-Mahdi (1827–1897) was born in Alexandria, Alexandria Governorate
22 Shams al-Din Muhammad al-Imbabi
(Arabic: شمس الدين الأنبابي)
18811882Shafiial-Imbabi (1824–1896) was born in Cairo, originally from Imbaba, Giza Governorate
23Muhammad al-Mahdi
(Arabic: محمد المهدي العباسي)
18821886Hanafi
24 Shams al-Din Muhammad al-Imbabi
(Arabic: شمس الدين الأنبابي)
18861895Shafii
25Hassunah al-Nawawi
(Arabic: حسونة النواوي)
18951899Hanafial-Nawawi (1839–1924) was born in Nawai, Asyut Governorate
26Abd al-Rahman al-Qutb al-Nawawi
(Arabic: عبد الرحمن القطب النواوي)
18991899Hanafial-Nawawi (died 1909) was born in Nawai, Asyut Governorate
27 Salim al-Bishri
(Arabic: سليم البشري)
18991903Malikial-Bishri (1832–1916) was born in Mahallat Bishr, Beheira Governorate
28 Ali al-Biblawi
(Arabic: علي الببلاوي)
19031905Malikial-Biblawi (1835–1905) was born in Biblaw, Asyut Governorate
29Abd al-Rahman al-Shirbini
(Arabic: عبد الرحمن الشربيني)
19051907Shafiial-Shirbini (died 1908) was probably born in Sherbin, Dakahlia Governorate
30Hassanuh al-Nawawi
(Arabic: حسونة النواوي)
19071909Hanafi
31 Salim al-Bishri
(Arabic: سليم البشري)
19091917Maliki
32 Muhammad al-Jizawi
(Arabic: محمد أبو الفضل الجيزاوي)
19171927Malikial-Jizawi (1874–1927) was born in El-Warraq, Giza Governorate
33 Mustafa Al-Maraghi
(Arabic: محمد مصطفى المراغي)
19271929Hanafial-Maraghi (1881–1945) was born in El Maragha, Sohag Governorate
34Muhammad al-Zawahiri
(Arabic: محمد الأحمدي الظواهري)
19291935Shafiial-Zawahiri (1878–1944) was born in Kafr Ash Sheikh Dhawahri, Sharqia Governorate. He was of Arab origin.
35 Mustafa Al-Maraghi
(Arabic: محمد مصطفى المراغي)
19351945Hanafi
36Mustafa Abd al-Rizq
(Arabic: مصطفى عبد الرازق)
19451947HanafiAbd al-Rizq (1885–1947) was born in Abu Jirj, Minya Governorate
37Muhammad Ma'mun al-Shinnawi
(Arabic: محمد مأمون الشناوي)
19481950Hanafial-Shinnawi (1878–1950) was born in El Zarqa, Damietta Governorate
38 Abd al-Majid Salim
(Arabic: عبد المجيد سليم)
19501951HanafiSalim (1882–1954) was born in Meet Shahala, Monufia Governorate
39 Ibrahim Hamrush
(Arabic: إبراهيم حمروش)
19511952HanafiHamrush (1880–1960) was born in Al Khawaled, Beheira Governorate
40 Abd al-Majid Sulaym
(Arabic: عبد المجيد سليم)
19521952Hanafi
41 Muhammad al-Khadi Husayn
(Arabic: محمد الخضر حسين)
19521954MalikiHusayn (1876–1958) was born in Nefta, Tozeur Governorate, Tunisia.
42Abd al-Rahman Taj
(Arabic: عبد الرحمن تاج)
19541958HanafiTaj (1896–1975) was born in Asyut, Asyut Governorate
43 Mahmud Shaltut
(Arabic: محمود شلتوت)
19581963HanafiShaltut (1893–1963) was born in Minyat Bani Mansur, Beheira Governorate
44 Hassan Mamoun
(Arabic: حسن مأمون)
19631969Mamoun (1894–1973) was born in Cairo, Cairo Governorate
45 Muhammad al-Fahham
(Arabic: محمد الفحام)
19691973al-Fahham (1894–1980) was born in Alexandria Governorate
46 Abdel Halim Mahmoud
(Arabic: عبد الحليم محمود)
19731978MalikiMahmoud (1910–1978) was born in Al Salam, Sharqia Governorate
47 Muhammad Abd al-Rahman Bisar
(Arabic: محمد عبد الرحمن بيصار)
19791982Bisar (1910–1982) was born in As Salmiyyah, Kafr El Sheikh Governorate
48 Gad al-Haq
(Arabic: جاد الحق علي جاد الحق)
19821996al-Haq (1917–1996) was born in Batra, Dakahlia Governorate
49Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy
(Arabic: محمد سيد طنطاوي)
19962010ShafiiTantawy (1928–2010) was born in Selim ash-Sharqiyah, Tima municipality, Sohag Governorate
50 Ahmed El-Tayeb
(Arabic: أحمد الطيب)
2010presentMalikiEl-Tayeb (born 1946) was born in Kurna, Luxor Governorate

Footnotes

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  1. ^ Beattie 2000, p. 225
  2. ^ Bennett 2005, p. 220
  3. ^ Dodge 1961, p. 83
  4. ^ a b Dodge 1961, pp. 193–194

References

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  • Dodge, Bayard (1961), Al-Azhar: A Millennium of Muslim learning, Middle East Institute
  • Beattie, Kirk J. (2000), Egypt during the Sadat years, Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 978-0-312-23246-7
  • Bennett, Clinton (2005), Muslims and modernity: an introduction to the issues and debates, Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-8264-5481-2