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List of heads of state of Cambodia

(Redirected from President of the State Presidium)

This is a list of heads of state of Cambodia from the accession of King Norodom on 19 October 1860 to the present day. It lists various heads of state which served in the modern history of Cambodia, under several different regimes and with various titles.

Head of State of Cambodia
ប្រមុខរដ្ឋនៃកម្ពុជា
Royal arms
Royal standard
Incumbent
Norodom Sihamoni
(as King)
since 14 October 2004
StyleHis Majesty
TypeHead of state
ResidenceKhemarin Palace (official)
The Royal Residence (secondary)
SeatPhnom Penh (official)
Siem Reap (secondary)
AppointerRoyal Council of the Throne
Term lengthLife tenure
Formation19 October 1860 (163 years ago) (1860-10-19)
First holderNorodom (as King)

From 1860 onward, there have been 12 heads of state (acting heads of state are not counted).

The current head of state of Cambodia is King Norodom Sihamoni, since his election by the Royal Council of the Throne on 14 October 2004.[1][2]

Titles

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  • 1860–1960: King of Cambodia (under French protectorate in 1863–1945 and 1945–1953, and Japanese puppet state in 1945)
  • 1960: Chairman of the Regency Council
  • 1960–1970: Chief of State of Cambodia
  • 1970–1975: President of the Khmer Republic
  • 1975          : Chairman the Supreme Committee
  • 1975–1976: President of the State Presidium
  • 1976–1979: Chairman of the State Presidium
  • 1979–1981: Chairman of the People's Revolutionary Council
  • 1981–1993: President of the Council of State
  • 1993: Head of State of the State of Cambodia
  • 1993–present: King of Cambodia

List of officeholders

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Political parties
  Sangkum
  Social Republican Party (PRS)
  National United Front of Kampuchea (FUNK)
  Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK)
  Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party (KPRP) → Cambodian People's Party (CPP)
Other factions
  Military (FANK)
  Independent

Note: Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of reign/office.

Monarchy

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Further information: Post-Angkor period, French protectorate of Cambodia, Kingdom of Kampuchea (1945), and Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970)
No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Reign/TenureHouseClaim
StartEndDuration
1 Norodom
នរោត្តម
(1834–1904)		19 October 186024 April 190443 years, 188 daysNorodomSon of Ang Duong
2 Sisowath
ស៊ីសុវតិ្ថ
(1840–1927)		27 April 19049 August 192723 years, 104 daysSisowathBrother of Norodom
3 Sisowath Monivong
ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុនីវង្ស
(1875–1941)		9 August 192724 April 194113 years, 258 daysSisowathSon of Sisowath
4 Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)		24 April 19412 March 1955[3]13 years, 309 daysNorodomGrandson of Sisowath Monivong
5 Norodom Suramarit
នរោត្តម សុរាម្រិត
(1896–1960)		2 March 19553 April 19605 years, 32 daysNorodomSon-in-law of Sisowath Monivong
Father of Norodom Sihanouk
— Chuop Hell
ជួប ហ៊ែល
(1909–c. 1975)
Acting Head of State[a]		3 April 19606 April 19603 days—
— Sisowath Monireth
ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុន្នីរ៉េត
(1909–1975)
Chairman of the Regency Council		6 April 196013 June 196068 daysSisowathSon of Sisowath Monivong
— Chuop Hell
ជួប ហ៊ែល
(1909–c. 1975)
Acting Head of State[a]		13 June 196020 June 19607 days—
(4) Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)		20 June 1960[4]18 March 1970[5]9 years, 271 daysNorodomSon of Norodom Suramarit
— Sisowath Kossamak
ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ កុសមៈ
(1904–1975)
[b]		20 June 19609 October 197010 years, 111 daysSisowathDaughter of Sisowath Monivong
Consort of Norodom Suramarit
Mother of Norodom Sihanouk
— Cheng Heng
ឆេង ហេង
(1910–1996)
Acting Head of State		21 March 19709 October 1970202 days—

Republic

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Further information: Khmer Republic, Democratic Kampuchea, People's Republic of Kampuchea, and State of Cambodia (1989–1992)
No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		ElectedTerm of officePolitical party
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
6 Cheng Heng
ឆេង ហេង
(1910–1996)		—9 October 1970[8]9 March 19721 year, 153 daysIndependent
7 Lon Nol
លន់ នល់
(1913–1985)		197210 March 1972[9]1 April 1975[10]3 years, 22 daysPRS /
FANK (ANK)
— Saukam Khoy
សូកាំ ខូយ
(1915–2008)
Acting for Lon Nol		—1 April 197512 April 197511 daysPRS /
FANK (ANK)
8 Sak Sutsakhan
សក់ ស៊ុតសាខន
(1928–1994)
Chairman of the Supreme Committee		—12 April 1975[11]17 April 19755 daysFANK (ANK)
(4) Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)		—17 April 1975[12]2 April 1976[13]351 daysFUNK
9 Khieu Samphan
ខៀវ សំផន
(born 1931)		—11 April 1976[14]7 January 19792 years, 271 daysCPK
10 Heng Samrin
ហេង សំរិន
(born 1934)		—7 January 1979[15]6 April 199213 years, 90 daysKPRP
CPP
11 Chea Sim
ជា ស៊ីម
(1932–2015)		—6 April 199214 June 19931 year, 69 daysCPP
(4) Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)		—14 June 199324 September 1993102 daysIndependent

Restored monarchy

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Further information: Modern Cambodia
No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		ElectedReignHouseClaim
StartEndDuration
(4) Norodom Sihanouk
នរោត្តម សីហនុ
(1922–2012)		1993[16]24 September 19937 October 200411 years, 13 daysNorodomElected
(Son of Norodom Suramarit and Sisowath Kossamak)
12 Norodom Sihamoni
នរោត្តម សីហមុនី
(born 1953)		2004[2]14 October 2004Incumbent19 years, 256 daysNorodomElected
(Son of Norodom Sihanouk)

Timeline

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Norodom SihamoniChea SimHeng SamrinKhieu SamphanSak SutsakhanSaukam KhoyLon NolCheng HengSisowath KossamakSisowath MonirethChuop HellNorodom SuramaritNorodom SihanoukSisowath MonivongSisowath of CambodiaNorodom of Cambodia

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b Hell simultaneously served as the President of the National Assembly, from 1958 to 1962.
  2. ^ After the death of King Norodom Suramarit, his consort Queen Sisowath Kossamak served as monarch for ceremonial purposes only (as a "symbol, incarnation, and representative" of the dynasty), while the powers of head of state were delegated to her son Norodom Sihanouk, who was appointed "Chief of State" whose powers equal that of a monarch.[6][7]

References

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  1. ^ "Cambodia gets new king". UPI Archives. 14 October 2004. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
  2. ^ a b Samean, Yun (15 October 2004). "Throne Council Selects Sihamoni to be the Next King". The Cambodia Daily. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  3. ^ "Cambodian King Abdicates Throne in Favor of Father". The New York Times. Reuters. 3 March 1955. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  4. ^ "CAMBODIA NAMES RULER; Prince Sihanouk Agrees to Become 'Chief of State'". The New York Times. 14 June 1960. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  5. ^ Henry Kamm (19 March 1970). "SIHANOUK REPORTED OUT IN A COUP BY HIS PREMIER". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  6. ^ "Cambodian Queen is Dead in Peking". The New York Times. 28 April 1975. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  7. ^ Chandler, David (4 May 2018). A History of Cambodia (4th ed.). Routledge. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-429-96406-0. In 1960 Sihanouk's father, King Suramarit, died. After a series of maneuvers, Sihanouk had himself named Cambodia's chief of state with his mother, Queen Kossamak, continuing to serve as a monarch for ceremonial purposes.
  8. ^ Henry Kamm (10 October 1970). "War Seems Far Away as Cambodia Becomes Republic". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  9. ^ "LON NOL TIGHTENS RULE IN CAMBODIA". The New York Times. Reuters. 11 March 1972. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  10. ^ "Lon Nol Turns Over Rule and Leaves". The New York Times. 2 April 1975. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  11. ^ Sydney Schanberg (13 April 1975). "MILITARY TAKING OVER IN CAMBODIA AS LAST AMERICANS ARE EVACUATED". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  12. ^ "Cambodians Designate Sihanouk as Chief for Life". The New York Times. UPI. 26 April 1975. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  13. ^ "PHNOM PENH SAYS SIHANOUK RESIGNS". The New York Times. UPI. 5 April 1976. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  14. ^ "Cambodia Announces Its New Government". The New York Times. AP. 14 April 1976. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  15. ^ David Binder (9 January 1979). "New Cambodia Leaders Identified In Radio Broadcast From Vietnam". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  16. ^ Downie, Sue (24 September 1993). "Sihanouk reinstated as king of Cambodia". UPI Archives. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
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