Saint Petersburg Governorate

Saint Petersburg Governorate

Санкт-Петербургская губерния
Saint Petersburg Governorate Санкт-Петербургская губерния
Governorate
	Coat of arms
	Location in the Russian Empire
Country	Russian Empire
Established	1708
Abolished	1927
Capital	Shlisselburg (until 1712); Saint Petersburg (from 1712);
Area
• Total	44,613 km2 (17,225 sq mi)
Population (1897)
• Total	2,112,033
• Density	47/km2 (120/sq mi)
• Urban	67.32%
• Rural	32.68%

The Saint Petersburg Governorate^[a] was a province (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Saint Petersburg. The governorate was composed of 44,613 square kilometres (17,225 sq mi) of area and 2,112,033 inhabitants. It was bordered by Estonian and Livonian Governorates to the west, Pskov Governorate to the south, Novgorod Governorate to the east, Olonets Governorate to the northeast, and Vyborg Governorate of the Grand Duchy of Finland to the north. The governorate covered most of the areas of modern Leningrad Oblast and Ida-Viru, Jõgeva, Tartu, Põlva, and Võru counties of Estonia.

Map of Russian governorates as of 1708 — Russian Governorates in 1708^{[citation needed]}

Establishment

Ingermanland Governorate (Ингерманла́ндская губе́рния, Ingermanlandskaya guberniya) was created from the territories reconquered from the Swedish Empire in the Great Northern War.^[1] In 1704 prince Alexander Menshikov was appointed as its first governor, and in 1706 it was first Russian region designated as a Governorate.^[2] According to the Tsar Peter the Great's edict as on December 29 [O.S. December 18], 1708,^[3] the whole Russia was split into eight Governorates. In the same year Ingermanland Governorate was further expanded to encompass the regions of Pskov, Novgorod and other towns of Western Russia.^[4]^[5] As with the rest of the governorates, neither the borders nor internal subdivisions of Ingermanland Governorate were defined; instead, the territory was defined as a set of cities and the lands adjacent to those cities.^[6]

By another edict on June 3, 1710, the governorate was renamed St. Petersburg Governorate after the newly founded city of Saint Petersburg, and in 1721 the former Swedish Duchy of Ingria, and parts of the County of Kexholm and the County of Viborg and Nyslott were formally ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Nystad. After the Treaty of Åbo in 1743, the parts of Kexholm and Viborg were joined with new territorial gains from Sweden into the Governorate of Vyborg (Russian: Выборгская губерния).

From August 18, 1914 to January 26, 1924 it was named Petrograd Governorate, and during 1924–1927 — Leningrad Governorate. It was abolished on August 1, 1927 when modern Leningrad Oblast was created.

Cities included into Ingermanland Governorate at the time of its establishment^[3]
#	City	#	City	#	City
1.	St. Petersburg	12.	Narva	23.	Staraya Rusa
2.	Beloozero	13.	Olonets	24.	Toropets
3.	Bezhetskoy Verkh	14.	Opochek	25.	Torzhok
4.	Derptskoy uyezd	15.	Ostrov	26.	Tver
5.	Gdov	16.	Porkhov	27.	Uglich
6.	Izborsk	17.	Poshekhonye	28.	Ustyuzhna Zheleznopolskaya
7.	Kargopol	18.	Pskov	29.	Veliky Novgorod
8.	Kashin	19.	Romanov	30.	Yamburg
9.	Koporye	20.	Rzheva pustaya (Zavolochye)	31.	Yaroslavl
10.	Ladoga	21.	Rzheva Volodimirova
11.	Luki Velikiye	22.	Shlisselburg

Administrative divisions

The governorate was composed of eight counties (uezds) as of January 1, 1914. Follows the table:

County		County Town	Arms of County Town	Area	Population (1897 census)
Transliteration name	Russian Cyrillic	County Town	Arms of County Town	Area	Population (1897 census)
Gdovsky	Гдовский	Gdov		8,810 km² (3,400 sq mi)	145,573
Luzhsky	Лужский	Luga		10,192.7 km² (3,935.4 sq mi)	133,466
Novoladozhsky	Новоладожский	Novaya Ladoga		8,707.4 km² (3,361.9 sq mi)	87,841
Petergofsky	Петергофский	Petergof		2,742.5 km² (1,058.9 sq mi)	140,547
Sankt-Peterburgsky	Санкт-Петербургский	Saint Petersburg (Sankt–Peterburg)		1,973.8 km² (762.1 sq mi)	1,317,885
Tsarskoselsky	Царскосельский	Tsarskoye Selo		4,303.9 km² (1,661.7 sq mi)	149,845
Shlisselburgsky	Шлиссельбургский	Shlisselburg		3,870.7 km² (1,494.5 sq mi)	54,904
Yamburgsky	Ямбургский	Yamburg		4,014.4 km² (1,550.0 sq mi)	81,972

Supernumerary town

City	Population	Part of
Gatchina	14,824	Tsarskoselsky Uyezd
Kronstadt	59,525	Petergofsky Uyezd
Narva	16,599	Yamburgsky Uyezd
Oranienbaum	5,458	Petergofsky Uyezd
Pavlovsk	5,113	Tsarskoselsky Uyezd

Former city

City	Population	Part of	Arms
Rozhdestveno	980	Tsarskoselsky Uyezd
Sofia	1,190	Tsarskoselsky Uyezd

Governorate administration

General Governors

Prince Aleksandr Menshikov 12 October 1702 – May 1724
Pyotr Apraksin May 1724 – January 1725
Prince Aleksandr Menshikov January 1725 – 8 September 1727
Jan Sapieha 1727 – 1728
Burkhard Christoph von Münnich January 1728 – 1734 War Governor
Nikolai Golovin 1742
Peter Lacy 1743
Vasily Repnin 1744
Stepan Ignatiev 1744
Boris Yusupov 1749
Prince Mikhail Golitsin 1752 – 1754
Peter August of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck 1762
Ivan Neplyuyev 1762 – 1764
Ivan Glebov 1767
Prince Aleksander Golitsin October 1769 – 8 October 1783
Jacob Bruce 1784 – 6 October 1791
Aleksander Romanov 6 October 1791 – 1797 War Governor
- Nikolai Arkharov 6 October 1791 – November 1796, until 15 June 1797 acting General Governor
Fyodor Buksgevden June 1797 – August 1798
Pyotr von der Pahlen 8 August 1798 – 30 June 1801, until 25 August 1800 acting, from 24 March 1801 War Governor
Mikhail Kutuzov 30 July 1801 – 9 September 1802 War Governor
Mikhail Kamenskiy 27 August 1802 – 16 November 1802 War Governor
Pyotr Tolstoy 28 November 1802 – 25 January 1803 War Governor
Andrey Budberg 25 January 1803 – 17 February 1803 War Governor
Pyotr Tolstoy 28 November 1802 – 10 September 1805 War Governor
- Nikolai Svechin 1803 – 1806
Sergey Vyazmitinov 10 September 1805 – 12 January 1808 War Governor
Prince Dmitry Lobanov-Rostovskiy 12 January 1808 – 2 February 1809
Alexander Balashov 14 February 1809 – 9 April 1810
Sergey Vyazmitinov 10 November 1816 – 31 August 1818 War General Governor
Mikhail Miloradovich 31 August 1818 – 15 December 1825 War General Governor
Pavel Golenishchev-Kutuzov 27 December 1825 – 19 February 1830 War General Governor
Pyotr Essen 17 February 1830 – 14 February 1842 War General Governor
Aleksander Kavelin 14 February 1842 – 19 April 1846 War General Governor
Matvey Khrapovitskiy 7 April 1846 – 31 March 1847 War General Governor
Dmitry Shulgin 3 May 1847 – 1 January 1855 War General Governor
- Aleksander Stroganov 1854 War Governor
Pavel Ignatiev 28 December 1854 – 16 November 1861 War General Governor
Aleksandr Suvorov-Rymnikskiy 16 November 1861 – 16 May 1866 War General Governor
Iosif Gurko April 1879 – February 1880
Pyotr Gresser February 1880 – 1892
Viktor von Wahl 1892 – 1895
Nikolai Kleigels 1895 – 1904
Ivan Fullon 1904 – 1905
Dmitry Trepov 12 January 1905 – 14 April 1905 acting General Governor
Vladimir Dedyulin 1905 – 1906
Vladimir von der Launits 1906 – 1907
Daniil Drachevsky 1907 – 1914
Aleksandr Obolensky 1914 – 1916
Aleksandr Balk 1916 – March 1917
Vadim Yurevich March – May 1917
Grigory Shreider July – November 1917

Governors

Fyodor Apraksin 1712 – 1723
Vasily Saltykov 21 January 1734 – October 1740
Prince Yakov Shakhovskoy October 1740 – November 1740
Prince Vasily Nesvitsky 23 July 1761 – 17 April 1764
Stepan Ushakov 21 April 1764 – 21 April 1773
Stepan Perfiliev 22 September 1773 – 10 September 1774
Karl Ungern-Sternverg 12 September 1774 – 25 July 1779
Dmitry Volkov 4 August 1779 – 1780
Ustin Potapov 4 August 1780 – 1 January 1784
Pyotr Tarbeev 1 April 1784 – 18 March 1785
Pyotr Konovnitsin 18 March 1785 – 2 September 1793
Nikita Ryleev 2 September 1793 – 9 June 1797
Ivan Alekseev 9 June 1797 – 28 August 1797
Ivan Grevens 28 August 1797 – 21 December 1798
Dmitry Glinka 22 December 1798 – 2 March 1800
Prokopy Mishchersky 7 March 1800 – 1 June 1800
Nikolay Khotyaintsev 1 June 1800 – 5 June 1801
Pyotr Pankratiev 5 June 1801 – 19 July 1802
Sergey Kushnikov 19 July 1802 – 28 October 1804
Pyotr Paseviev 28 October 1804 – 31 January 1808
Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakunin 31 January 1808 – 14 July 1816
Semyon Shcherbinin 15 August 1816 – 23 November 1826
Aleksandr Bezobrazov 25 November 1826 – 27 January 1829
Ivan Khrapovitskiy 27 January 1829 – 11 December 1835
Mikhail Zhemchuzhnikov 11 December 1835 – 30 December 1840
Vasily Sheremetev 10 January 1841 – 28 June 1843
Nikolay Zhukovskiy 10 August 1843 – 8 April 1851
Pyotr Donaurov 8 April 1851 – 7 April 1855
Nikolai Smirnov 7 April 1855 – 1 January 1861
Aleksandr Bobrinsky 12 January 1861 – 13 March 1864
Vladimir Skaryatin 20 March 1864 – 1 January 1865
Lev Perovskiy 1 January 1865 – 22 July 1866, until 22 July 1865 acting
Nikolay Levashov 22 July 1866 – 8 May 1871
Iosif Lutkovskiy 9 May 1871 – 2 September 1880, until 30 March 1873 acting
Fyodor Trepov 1873 - 1878
Sergey Tol 2 September 1880 – May 1903
Aleksandr Zinoviev 6 March 1903 – January 1911
Aleksandr Adlerberg 9 January 1911 – 18 August 1914

Marshals of the nobility

Served as chair of the Assembly of Nobility

Alexander Kurakin 1780 – 1783
Adam Olsufiev 1783 – 1784
Andrey Shuvalov 1784 – 1785
Aleksander Naryshkin 1788 – 1790
Aleksander Stroganov 1790 – 1798
Mikhail Rumyantsev 1798 – 1801
Pyotr Razumovsky 1801 – 1805
Aleksander Stroganov 1805 – 1811
Aleksey Zherebtsov 1811 – 1814
Ilya Bezborodko 1814 – 1815
Aleksey Zherebtsov 1815 – 1818
Arkadiy Nelidov 1826 – 1830
Dmitriy Durnovo 1830 – 1833
Prince Vasiliy Dolgorukov 1833 – 1839
Prince Golitsin 24 February 1839 – 1842
Mikhail Potyomkin 21 March 1842 – 24 March 1854
Pyotr Shuvalov 24 March 1854 – 29 March 1863
Grigoriy Shcherbatov 29 March 1863 – 8 March 1866
Vladimir Orlov-Davydov 8 March 1866 – 21 March 1869
Aleksandr Bobrinskiy 21 March 1869 – 18 April 1872
Andrey Shuvalov 18 April 1872 – 14 April 1876
Aleksey Bobrinskiy 14 April 1876 – 27 January 1890
Aleksandr Mordvinov 27 January 1890 – 1891
Aleksandr Trubnikov 1891 – 1 February 1893
Aleksey Bobrinskiy 1 February 1893 – 8 February 1897
Aleksandr Zinoviev 8 February 1897 – February 1904
Vasiliy Gudovich 15 February 1904 – March 1909
Ivan Saltykov 8 March 1909 – 1915

Notes

^
- Russian: Санкт-Петербургская губерния, pre-reformed orthography: Санктъ-Петербу́ргская губе́рнія, romanized: Sankt-Peterbúrgskaya gubérniya

References

^ Lieven, Dominic (2006). The Cambridge History of Russia: Volume 2, Imperial Russia, 1689-1917. Cambridge University Press. pp. 489–504. ISBN 0521815290.
^ Национальные окраины российской империи. Становление и развитие системы управления. Институт Российской истории РАН, М. 1997 // Полное собрание законов Российской империи. 1-е собрание. СПб., 1830. Т. 4. № 1954. С. 334.
^ ^a ^b Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов (in Russian)
^ Архивы Санкт-Петербурга. Краткая справка о границах С.-Петербургской (Петроградской) губернии с XVIII в. до 1918 года
^ Славнитский Н. Р. Утверждение России в Ингерманландии в царствование Петра Великого, стр. 27
^ С. А. Тархов (2001). "Изменение административно-территориального деления России за последние 300 лет". Электронная версия журнала "География".

External links

(in Russian) List of rulers

59°57′00″N 30°19′00″E / 59.9500°N 30.3167°E / 59.9500; 30.3167

[1] 
Russian: Санкт-Петербургская губерния, pre-reformed orthography: Санктъ-Петербу́ргская губе́рнія, romanized: Sankt-Peterbúrgskaya gubérniya

[2] Russian: Санкт-Петербургская губерния, pre-reformed orthography: Санктъ-Петербу́ргская губе́рнія, romanized: Sankt-Peterbúrgskaya gubérniya

[2] Lieven, Dominic (2006). The Cambridge History of Russia: Volume 2, Imperial Russia, 1689-1917. Cambridge University Press. pp. 489–504. ISBN 0521815290.

[3] Национальные окраины российской империи. Становление и развитие системы управления. Институт Российской истории РАН, М. 1997 // Полное собрание законов Российской империи. 1-е собрание. СПб., 1830. Т. 4. № 1954. С. 334.

[1708List-4] Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов (in Russian)

[arh-5] Архивы Санкт-Петербурга. Краткая справка о границах С.-Петербургской (Петроградской) губернии с XVIII в. до 1918 года

[6] Славнитский Н. Р. Утверждение России в Ингерманландии в царствование Петра Великого, стр. 27

[Tarkhov-7] С. А. Тархов (2001). "Изменение административно-территориального деления России за последние 300 лет". Электронная версия журнала "География".

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