The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aden, Yemen.
Prior to 19th century
edit- 8th century BC - ,The emergence of the awsan Kingdom in Aden.[1]
- 6th century BC - The Qataban-Sabai alliance Awsan falls in Aden.[2]
- 110 BCE - Himyarites overthrow the Kingdom of Saba and Qataban and take control of Aden
- 632- Rashidun Caliphate Islam entered Yemen in the year 6AH
- 661 - Umayyad Caliphate
- 750 - Abbasids in power (approximate date).[2]
- 819 - Banu Ziyad becomes independent from the Abbasid state [2]
- 1021 - Banu Ma'an They are independent from the Ziadian state
- 1067 - Banū Zuraiʿ Rulers of Aden.[3]
- 1173 - Ayyubids in power.[3]
- 1229 - Rasulids in power.[3]
- 1330 - Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta visits Aden (approximate date).
- 1420s - Chinese explorer Zheng He visits Aden (approximate date).[2]
- 1454 - Tahirids in power.[3]
- 1500 - Aqueduct built from Bir Mahait (approximate date).[4]
- 1511 - Italian traveller Varthema visits Aden.[2]
- 1513 - Aden "unsuccessfully attacked by the Portuguese under Albuquerque."[1]
- 1538 - Aden taken by Ottoman forces of Hadım Suleiman Pasha.[1][2]
- 1630 - Ottomans ousted.[2]
- 1735 - Sultan of Lahej in power.[1]
- [2]
19th century
edit- 1839
- January: Aden occupied by British forces.[5][6]
- November: Abdali anti-British unrest; crackdown.[2]
- British colonial postal mail begins operating.
- 1840
- May: Abdali anti-British unrest; crackdown.[2]
- June: Sultan of Lahej Shaykh Muhsin ibn Fadl signs treaty with British.[5]
- 1850 - Aden becomes a free port.[7]
- 1852 - Catholic church built.[8]
- 1858 - Grand Synagogue of Aden built.
- 1867 - Aqueduct built.[1]
- 1868 - Jebel Ihsan peninsula and nearby Sirah island sold by Sultan of Lahej to British.[4]
- 1869 - Suez Canal opens in Egypt, affecting Aden as a port.[9]
- 1871 - Protestant church built.[8]
- 1876 - "Settlement committee" (local government) established.[5]
- 1880 - August: French poet Rimbaud visits Aden.[10]
- 1882 - Sheikh Othman bought by British.[8]
- 1889 - "Port trust" (local government) established.[5]
- 1890 - Big Ben Aden clocktower built.
20th century
edit1900s-1950s
edit- 1915
- 1917 - British Royal Air Force Khormaksar station established.
- 1924 - Sukkat Shalom synagogue established.[citation needed]
- 1925 - Arab Literary Club formed.[13]
- 1929 - Arab Reform Club active.[13]
- 1937 - 1 April: City becomes capital of the British Colony of Aden.[5]
- 1946 - Population: 56,849.[14]
- 1947
- Legislative Council established.[5]
- December: 1947 Aden riots against Jews.[2]
- 1951 - Aden Women's Club formed.[15]
- 1954
- British Petroleum refinery built in Little Aden.[16]
- 27 April: British queen visits Aden.[17]
- 1955 - Aden Legislative Council election, 1955 held.
- 1956 - General Labour Union established.[18]
- 1958 - Al-Ayyam newspaper begins publication.[19]
- 1959 - January: Legislative council election held.[5]
1960s-1990s
edit- 1963 - January: Aden becomes part of the Federation of South Arabia.[5]
- 1964 - 16 October: Aden Legislative Council election, 1964 held.
- 1966 - National Museum of Aden established.[20]
- 1967
- January: Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen-National Liberation Front conflict.[2]
- June: Suez Canal closes, affecting port of Aden.[9]
- 29 November: Aden becomes capital of People's Republic of South Yemen; British forces depart.[9]
- 1968 - Ar-Rabi Ashar Min Uktubar newspaper begins publication.[21]
- 1970 - Aden becomes part of the Peoples Democratic Republic of Yemen.[16]
- 1971 - Aden Military Museum established.[2]
- 1972 - Ittihad al-Udaba (writers' guild) established.[13]
- 1973 - Population: 264,326.[22]
- 1975
- Suez Canal reopens, affecting port of Aden.[9]
- University of Aden established.[2]
- 1985 - Aden Airport new terminal built.
- 1986 - January: South Yemen Civil War.
- 1990 - City becomes part of the newly formed Republic of Yemen.
- 1991 - Rimbaud House opens.[23]
- 1992
- General Hospital built.[24]
- 29 December: 1992 Yemen hotel bombings.[2]
- 1994
- 1994 civil war in Yemen.[2]
- Population: 564,335 governorate.[25]
- 1996 - University of Aden museum established.[20]
- 1997 - 27 April: Yemeni parliamentary election, 1997 held.[26]
- 2000 - 12 October: USS Cole bombing.
21st century
edit- 2009 - Population: 684,322.[27]
- 2012 - Population: 760,923.
- 2015
- 19 March: Battle of Aden Airport.
- 25 March: Battle of Aden begins.
See also
edit- Aden history
- Timeline of Yemeni history
- List of British representatives at Aden, 1839-1967
- Timelines of other cities in Yemen: Sana'a
References
editBibliography
edit- Published in 19th century
- William Milburn (1813), "Aden", Oriental Commerce: containing a geographical description of the principal places in the East Indies, China, and Japan, London: Black, Parry & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1hh6sn82, OCLC 6856418
- John Macgregor (1844). "Aden". Commercial Statistics. London: C. Knight and Co.
- James Horsburgh (1852). "Arabia, South Coast: Aden Bay and Aden Harbor". India Directory: Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America (6th ed.). London: William H. Allen & Co. – via Google Books.
- R.L. Playfair (1859). "Aden". History of Arabia Felix or Yemen. Bombay. hdl:2027/mdp.39015039640357.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - William Perry Fogg (1875), "Aden", Arabistan, Hartford, USA: Dustin, Gilman & Co.
- N. Elias, ed. (1876). Precis of Papers in the Foreign Dept. of the Government of India Regarding Aden, 1838-1872. Simla: Government Central Branch Press.
- F. M. Hunter (1877), An account of the British settlement of Aden in Arabia, London: Trübner, OCLC 1088546, OL 6905358M
- Edward Balfour (1885), "Aden", Cyclopaedia of India (3rd ed.), London: B. Quaritch, hdl:2027/mdp.39015068610990
- "Aden", Handbook for Travellers in India and Ceylon, London: J. Murray, 1892
- Published in 20th century
- Marco Polo; Henry Yule (1903), "(Aden)", Book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East, vol. 2 (3rd ed.), London: John Murray
- "Aden". Imperial Gazetteer of India. Vol. 5. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1908. hdl:2027/yale.39002030832670.
- Frederick Mercer Hunter; Charles William Henry Sealey (1909). An Account of the Arab Tribes in the Vicinity of Aden.
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 190.
- "Aden". Encyclopædia of Islam. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 1913. p. 131. ISBN 9004082654.
- British Admiralty (1916). "Aden and Hadhramaut: Districts and Towns: Aden Town". Handbook of Arabia. Vol. 1. London: British War Office. hdl:2027/njp.32101006882755.
- United States Navy (1943). "Aden". Sailing Directions for the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. hdl:2027/uc1.31822033787326 – via Hathi Trust. (fulltext)
- Garston, J. "Aden: The First Hundred Years," History Today (Mar 1965) 15#3 pp 147–158. covers 1839 to 1939.
- Gavin, R.J. Aden Under British Rule: 1839–1967 (C. Hurst & Co. 1975).
- Z. H. Kour (1981). The History of Aden 1839-1872. Frank Cass. ISBN 978-1-135-78115-6.
- Roy E. Thoman (1991). "Aden". In James Stuart Olson (ed.). Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-26257-9.
- José-Marie Bel (1998). Aden, Mythical port of Yemen. Amyris. ISBN 978-2-7068-1360-3.
- Roy Facey (1998), Development of the Port of Aden, British-Yemeni Society, archived from the original on 2013-12-30 – via Al-Bab.com
- Published in 21st century
- Walker, Jonathan. Aden Insurgency: The Savage War in South Arabia 1962–67 (Spellmount Staplehurst, 2003) ISBN 1-86227-225-5
- Mawby, Spencer. British Policy in Aden & the Protectorates, 1955-67: Last Outpost of a Middle East Empire (2005).
- Hinchcliffe, Peter, et al. Without Glory in Arabia: The British Retreat from Aden (2006).
- Roxani Eleni Margariti (2006). "Aden". In Josef W. Meri (ed.). Medieval Islamic Civilization. Routledge. p. 14+. ISBN 978-0-415-96691-7.
- Roxani Eleni Margariti (2007), Aden and the Indian Ocean Trade: 150 Years in the Life of a Medieval Arabian Port, University of North Carolina Press, ISBN 9780807830765
- Bruce E. Stanley; Michael R.T. Dumper, eds. (2008), "Aden", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, p. 8+, ISBN 9781576079195
- Mawby, Spencer. "Orientalism and the failure of British policy in the Middle East: The case of Aden." History 95.319 (2010): 332–353. online
- "Yemen's Despair on Full Display in 'Ruined' City", New York Times, 10 April 2015
- Scott Steven Reese. Imperial Muslims: Islam, Community and Authority in the Indian Ocean, 1839-1937. (A history of Aden) Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press, 2017. ix + 212 pp. ISBN 978-0-7486-9765-6.
- Edwards, Aaron. "A triumph of realism? Britain, Aden and the end of empire, 1964–67." Middle Eastern Studies 53.1 (2017): 6-18.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Aden.
- Map of Aden, 1978
- "Military Situation in Aden City". Archicivilians. 2 April 2015.
- "(Aden)". Qatar Digital Library. Qatar National Library.
- Records of the British Administrations in Aden 1837-1967, India Office Records, London "Guide to archival sources for areas outside India" – via British Library.
