Royal Rumble

The idea behind the Royal Rumble match is credited to Pat Patterson.^[5] Before the match begins, the contestants draw spots in the Rumble.^[1] The match consists of thirty competitors, beginning with the two who chose entry numbers one and two in the ring.^[1] At regular timed intervals, usually ninety seconds, one of the remaining 28 wrestlers enters the ring.^[1] Participants must eliminate all other opponents, and the winner of the matcht is the last wrestler remaining after all others have been eliminated.^[1][4]

Similar to a Battle Royal, a wrestler is eliminated when thrown over the top rope, with both feet touching the floor.^[1][2][6] A referee, who is seated at ringside, must see an elimination in order for it to be valid.^[7] A wrestler who is eliminated without a referee noticing may sometimes sneak back into the match. For example, Stone Cold Steve Austin was eliminated during the 1997 event, but he re-entered without the referees' seeing and eventually won the match.^[7] A wrestler who leaves the ring without going over the top rope is not eliminated from the match. During the 1999 Rumble match, both Vince McMahon and Steve Austin left the ring, only to return later in the match.^[8] In the 1994 match, the last two wrestlers, Bret Hart and Lex Luger were named co-winners when it was decided that both of their feet touched the floor at the same time.^[9] A similar situation occurred in the 2005 match, however the match was restarted after Batista and John Cena eliminated each other at the same time. Batista eliminated Cena afterwards to win the match.^[10]

The reward for the 1992 Royal Rumble was the WWF Championship.^[11] This title, now named the WWE Championship, was also the reward for the 2016 Royal Rumble.^[12] The tradition of granting a WWF/E Championship match at WrestleMania started in 1993.^[13] Beginning in 2004, the winner had their choice of a World Heavyweight Championship or WWE Championship match at WrestleMania.^[13] Because of the revival of the ECW Championship as a brand championship in mid-2006, the 2007 Rumble added this championship as a choice to the winning wrestler.^[14] From 2001 to 2007 the Royal Rumble match winner has gone on to win a World Championship title at WrestleMania.^[15] After winning the 2008 match, John Cena became the first to use his championship opportunity at an event other than WrestleMania.^[16] He also became the first man since 2000 to win the Royal Rumble match but fail to win the title in his championship opportunity as a result.

Since 2018 there also is a women's Royal Rumble match, where the winner can challenge for the WWE Women's Championship or the Women's World Championship at that year's WrestleMania. The first one was won by Asuka.^[17]

The Royal Rumble is a pay-per-view consisting of the Royal Rumble match, championship matches, and various other matches. The first Royal Rumble took place on January 24, 1988 and was broadcast live on the USA Network.^[18] The following year, the event became a pay-per-view.^[19] It is part of WWE's "classic five" pay-per-views, along with WrestleMania, Survivor Series, SummerSlam, and King of the Ring.^[20]

The Royal Rumble match is usually at the top of the card.^[21] However, it is not always the case, as the 2006 event had the match in the middle of the pay-per-view.^[21]

The first Rumble match featured only twenty men,^[22] and it was called the Rumble Royale.^[18] It lasted about 33 minutes of the 2-hour broadcast.^[15] Today, Rumble matches are much longer, with the longest match happening at the Greatest Royal Rumble (the only edition to have 50 men enter the match), lasting one hour and 17 minutes of a five-hour event.^[23]

With the brand extension introduced in mid-2002, the 30 entrants from 2003 to 2006 had 15 wrestlers from both the RAW and SmackDown! brands. At first, the winner of the match received a shot at his brand's championship.^[24] Starting in 2004, the Rumble winner had the option of challenging either brand's champion.^[13] For instance, Chris Benoit switched brands in 2004 and won the World Heavyweight Championship.^[13] The 2007 Royal Rumble marked the first year participants from the ECW brand competed along with the RAW and SmackDown! brands.^[25] The winner of the Royal Rumble now had the option to challenge for the ECW Championship as well.^[14]

The 2008 Royal Rumble was the first WWE pay-per-view to be aired in HD.^[26]

On March 13, 2007, WWE released a full DVD box-set called Royal Rumble: The Complete Anthology, which showcases every Royal Rumble event in its entirety.^[27]

General

• "Royal Rumble results". ProWrestlingHistory.com. Retrieved 2007-12-05.
• Eric Cohen. "Royal Rumble History". About.com. Archived from the original on 2008-12-08. Retrieved 2007-12-09.

Specific

• Ian Hamilton (2006). Wrestling's Sinking Ship: What Happens to an Industry Without Competition. Lulu.com. ISBN 1411612108.
• Ric Flair (2004). Ric Flair: To Be the Man. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0743456912.
• Brian Shields (2006). Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 1416532579.

• Harley Race and Gerry Tritz (2004). King of the Ring: The Harley Race Story. Sports Publishing. ISBN 1582618186.
• Ross Davies (2002). Kevin Nash. The Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 0823934926.
• Dave Meltzer (2004). Tributes II: Remembering More of the World's Greatest Professional Wrestlers. Sports Publishing LLC. ISBN 1582618178.
• Brian Fritz and Christopher Murray (2006). Between the Ropes: Wrestling's Greatest Triumphs and Failures. ECW Press. ISBN 1550227262.
• Steve Austin and Jim Ross (2003). The Stone Cold Truth. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0743477200.
• Scott Keith (2004). Wrestling's One Ring Circus: The Death of the World Wrestling Federation. Citadel Press. ISBN 080652619X.

• Official Royal Rumble Website
• WWE.com: Royal Rumble match description Archived 2009-06-02 at the Wayback Machine
• WWE.com: Royal Rumble Facts & Figures
• Royal Rumble History at About.com Archived 2008-12-08 at the Wayback Machine